Add additional checks in tools/testing/selftests/bpf and
samples/bpf such that if clang/llvm compiler can generate
BTF sections, do not use pahole.
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
A two function bpf program is loaded with btf and func_info.
After successful prog load, the bpf_get_info syscall is called
to retrieve prog info to ensure the types returned from the
kernel matches the types passed to the kernel from the
user space.
Several negative tests are also added to test loading/retriving
of func_type info.
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
This patch adds unit tests for BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO and
BTF_KIND_FUNC to test_btf.
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
The device stores flood records in a singly linked list where each
record stores up to three IPv4 addresses of remote VTEPs. The test
verifies that packets are correctly flooded in various cases such as
deletion of a record in the middle of the list.
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Test various aspects of VxLAN offloading which are specific to mlxsw,
such as sanitization of invalid configurations and offload indication.
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This simple wrapper reruns the VXLAN ping test with a port number of
8472.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Test that when decapsulating from VXLAN, the values of inner and outer
TOS are handled appropriately. Because VXLAN driver on its own won't
produce the arbitrary TOS combinations necessary to test this feature,
simply open-code a single ICMP packet and have mausezahn assemble it.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Test that ECN bits in the VXLAN envelope are correctly deduced from the
overlay packet.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Test that TOS is inherited from the tunneled packet into the envelope as
configured at the VXLAN device.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This tests whether TTL of VXLAN envelope packets is properly set based
on the device configuration.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The ordering of the topology creation can have impact on whether a
driver is successful in offloading VXLAN. Therefore add a pseudo-test
that reshuffles bits of the topology, and then reruns the same suite of
tests again to make sure that the new setup is supported as well.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Test that when sending traffic to a learned MAC address, the traffic is
forwarded accurately only to the right endpoint.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Test that when sending traffic to an unlearned MAC address, the traffic
is flooded to both remote VXLAN endpoints.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Test end-to-end reachability between local and remote endpoints.
Note that because learning is disabled on the VXLAN device, the ICMP
requests will end up being flooded to all remotes.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This skeleton sets up a topology with three VXLAN endpoints: one
"local", possibly offloaded, and two "remote", formed using veth pairs
and likely purely software bridges. The "local" endpoint is connected to
host systems by a VLAN-unaware bridge.
Since VXLAN tunnels must be unique per namespace, each of the "remote"
endpoints is in its own namespace. H3 forms the bridge between the three
domains.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Such a function will be useful for counting malformed packets in the ECN
decap test.
To that end, introduce a common handler for handling stat-fetching, and
reuse it in link_stats_tx_packets_get() and link_stats_rx_errors_get().
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Make the ping routine more generic by allowing passing arbitrary ping
command-line arguments.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Have ping_test() recognize an optional argument with a description of
the test. This is handy if there are several ping test, to make it clear
which is which.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In order to run a certain command inside another network namespace, it's
possible to use "ip netns exec ns command". However then one can't use
functions defined in lib.sh or a test suite.
One option is to do "ip netns exec ns bash -c command", provided that
all functions that one wishes to use (and their dependencies) are
published using "export -f". That may not be practical.
Therefore, introduce a helper in_ns(), which wraps a given command in a
boilerplate of "ip netns exec" and "source lib.sh", thus making all
library functions available. (Custom functions that a script wishes to
run within a namespace still need to be exported.)
Because quotes in "$@" aren't recognized in heredoc, hand-expand the
array in an explicit for loop, leveraging printf %q to handle proper
quoting.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
So far the case of NUM_NETIFS of 0 has not been interesting. However if
one wishes to reuse the lib.sh routines in a setup of a separate
namespace, being able to import like this is handy.
Therefore replace the {1..$NUM_NETIFS} references, which cause iteration
over 1 and 0, with an explicit for loop like we do in setup_wait() and
tc_offload_check(), so that for NUM_NETIFS of 0 no iteration is done.
Signed-off-by: Petr Machata <petrm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Check that iterating two separate hash maps produces the same
order of keys if BPF_F_ZERO_SEED is used.
Signed-off-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Pull networking fixes from David Miller:
1) Fix some potentially uninitialized variables and use-after-free in
kvaser_usb can drier, from Jimmy Assarsson.
2) Fix leaks in qed driver, from Denis Bolotin.
3) Socket leak in l2tp, from Xin Long.
4) RSS context allocation fix in bnxt_en from Michael Chan.
5) Fix cxgb4 build errors, from Ganesh Goudar.
6) Route leaks in ipv6 when removing exceptions, from Xin Long.
7) Memory leak in IDR allocation handling of act_pedit, from Davide
Caratti.
8) Use-after-free of bridge vlan stats, from Nikolay Aleksandrov.
9) When MTU is locked, do not force DF bit on ipv4 tunnels. From
Sabrina Dubroca.
10) When NAPI cached skb is reused, we must set it to the proper initial
state which includes skb->pkt_type. From Eric Dumazet.
11) Lockdep and non-linear SKB handling fix in tipc from Jon Maloy.
12) Set RX queue properly in various tuntap receive paths, from Matthew
Cover.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (61 commits)
tuntap: fix multiqueue rx
ipv6: Fix PMTU updates for UDP/raw sockets in presence of VRF
tipc: don't assume linear buffer when reading ancillary data
tipc: fix lockdep warning when reinitilaizing sockets
net-gro: reset skb->pkt_type in napi_reuse_skb()
tc-testing: tdc.py: Guard against lack of returncode in executed command
tc-testing: tdc.py: ignore errors when decoding stdout/stderr
ip_tunnel: don't force DF when MTU is locked
MAINTAINERS: Add entry for CAKE qdisc
net: bridge: fix vlan stats use-after-free on destruction
socket: do a generic_file_splice_read when proto_ops has no splice_read
net: phy: mdio-gpio: Fix working over slow can_sleep GPIOs
Revert "net: phy: mdio-gpio: Fix working over slow can_sleep GPIOs"
net: phy: mdio-gpio: Fix working over slow can_sleep GPIOs
net/sched: act_pedit: fix memory leak when IDR allocation fails
net: lantiq: Fix returned value in case of error in 'xrx200_probe()'
ipv6: fix a dst leak when removing its exception
net: mvneta: Don't advertise 2.5G modes
drivers/net/ethernet/qlogic/qed/qed_rdma.h: fix typo
net/mlx4: Fix UBSAN warning of signed integer overflow
...
- Address Range Scrub overflow continuation handling has been broken
since it was initially merged. It was only recently that error injection
and platform-BIOS support enabled this corner case to be exercised.
- The recent attempt to provide more isolation for the kernel Address
Range Scrub state machine from userapace initiated sessions triggers a
lockdep report. Revert and try again at the next merge window.
- Fix a kasan reported buffer overflow in libnvdimm unit test
infrastrucutre (nfit_test)
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----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=sfNx
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
Merge tag 'libnvdimm-fixes-4.20-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm
Pull libnvdimm fixes from Dan Williams:
"A small batch of fixes for v4.20-rc3.
The overflow continuation fix addresses something that has been broken
for several releases. Arguably it could wait even longer, but it's a
one line fix and this finishes the last of the known address range
scrub bug reports. The revert addresses a lockdep regression. The unit
tests are not critical to fix, but no reason to hold this fix back.
Summary:
- Address Range Scrub overflow continuation handling has been broken
since it was initially merged. It was only recently that error
injection and platform-BIOS support enabled this corner case to be
exercised.
- The recent attempt to provide more isolation for the kernel Address
Range Scrub state machine from userapace initiated sessions
triggers a lockdep report. Revert and try again at the next merge
window.
- Fix a kasan reported buffer overflow in libnvdimm unit test
infrastrucutre (nfit_test)"
* tag 'libnvdimm-fixes-4.20-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
Revert "acpi, nfit: Further restrict userspace ARS start requests"
acpi, nfit: Fix ARS overflow continuation
tools/testing/nvdimm: Fix the array size for dimm devices.
Add some defensive coding in case one of the subprocesses created by tdc
returns nothing. If no object is returned from exec_cmd, then tdc will
halt with an unhandled exception.
Signed-off-by: Brenda J. Butler <bjb@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: Lucas Bates <lucasb@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Prevent exceptions from being raised while decoding output
from an executed command. There is no impact on tdc's
execution and the verify command phase would fail the pattern
match.
Signed-off-by: Lucas Bates <lucasb@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This covers for proper accounting of encap needed static keys
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When patching in a new sequence for the first insn of a subprog, the start
of that subprog does not change (it's the first insn of the sequence), so
adjust_subprog_starts should check start <= off (rather than < off).
Also added a test to test_verifier.c (it's essentially the syz reproducer).
Fixes: cc8b0b92a1 ("bpf: introduce function calls (function boundaries)")
Reported-by: syzbot+4fc427c7af994b0948be@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Edward Cree <ecree@solarflare.com>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Use bpf_sk_lookup_tcp, bpf_sk_lookup_udp and bpf_sk_release helpers from
test_sock_addr programs to make sure they're available and can lookup
and release socket properly for IPv4/IPv4, TCP/UDP.
Reading from a few fields of returned struct bpf_sock is also tested.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ignatov <rdna@fb.com>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Daniel Borkmann reports:
test_progs.c: In function ‘main’:
test_progs.c:81:3: warning: ‘duration’ may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
printf("%s:PASS:%s %d nsec\n", __func__, tag, duration);\
^~~~~~
test_progs.c:1706:8: note: ‘duration’ was declared here
__u32 duration;
^~~~~~~~
Signed-off-by: Joe Stringer <joe@wand.net.nz>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Track the basic codepaths of delta handling, using objagg tracepoints.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In order for this to behave as required with delta bits, change the mask
for rule with handle 103.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In order for this to behave as required with delta bits, change the mask
for rule with handle 103.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Colin Ian King says:
Static analysis with CoverityScan found a potential issue [..]
It seems that pointer pol is set to NULL and then a check to see if it
is non-null is used to set pol to tmp; howeverm this check is always
going to be false because pol is always NULL.
Fix this and update test script to catch this. Updated script only:
./xfrm_policy.sh ; echo $?
RTNETLINK answers: No such file or directory
FAIL: ip -net ns3 xfrm policy get src 10.0.1.0/24 dst 10.0.2.0/24 dir out
RTNETLINK answers: No such file or directory
[..]
PASS: policy before exception matches
PASS: ping to .254 bypassed ipsec tunnel
PASS: direct policy matches
PASS: policy matches
1
Fixes: 6be3b0db6d ("xfrm: policy: add inexact policy search tree infrastructure")
Reported-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
Currently the selftest wild_bctr can fail to build when an old gcc is
used, notably on gcc using a binutils version <= 2.27, because the
assembler does not support the integer suffix UL.
This patch adjusts the wild_bctr test so the REG_POISON value is still
treated as an unsigned long for the shifts on compilation but the UL
suffix is absent on the stringification, so the inline asm code
generated has no UL suffixes.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo Romero <gromero@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[mpe: Wrap long line]
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Start flood ping for each cpu while loading/flushing rulesets to make
sure we do not access already-free'd rules from nf_tables evaluation loop.
Also add this to TARGETS so 'make run_tests' in selftest dir runs it
automatically.
This would have caught the bug fixed in previous change
("netfilter: nf_tables: do not skip inactive chains during generation update")
sooner.
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
The selftest I recently added to test branching to an out-of-bounds
NIP doesn't work on 64-bit big endian. It does fail but not in the
right way. That is it SEGVs trying to load from the opd at BAD_NIP,
but it never gets as far as branching to BAD_NIP.
To fix it we need to create an opd which is reachable but which holds
the bad address.
Fixes: b7683fc66e ("selftests/powerpc: Add a test of wild bctr")
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Add more test cases for context bpf_sock_addr to test narrow loads with
offset > 0 for ctx->user_ip4 field (__u32):
* off=1, size=1;
* off=2, size=1;
* off=3, size=1;
* off=2, size=2.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ignatov <rdna@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Makes it compatible with the logic that derives program type
from section name in libbpf_prog_type_by_name.
Signed-off-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
add a script that adds a ipsec tunnel between two network
namespaces plus following policies:
.0/24 -> ipsec tunnel
.240/28 -> bypass
.253/32 -> ipsec tunnel
Then check that .254 bypasses tunnel (match /28 exception),
and .2 (match /24) and .253 (match direct policy) pass through the
tunnel.
Abuses iptables to check if ping did resolve an ipsec policy or not.
Also adds a bunch of 'block' rules that are not supposed to match.
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
At commit deee2cae27 ("kselftests/bpf: use ping6 as the default ipv6 ping
binary if it exists"), it fixed similar issues for shell script, but it
missed a same issue in the C code.
Fixes: 371e4fcc9d ("selftests/bpf: cgroup local storage-based network counters")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <rong.a.chen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zhijian <lizhijian@cn.fujitsu.com>
CC: Philip Li <philip.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
This patch provides a tcp_bpf based eBPF sample. The test
- ncat(1) as the TCP client program to connect() to a port
with the intention of triggerring SYN retransmissions: we
first install an iptables DROP rule to make sure ncat SYNs are
resent (instead of aborting instantly after a TCP RST)
- has a bpf kernel module that sends a perf-event notification for
each TCP retransmit, and also tracks the number of such notifications
sent in the global_map
The test passes when the number of event notifications intercepted
in user-space matches the value in the global_map.
Signed-off-by: Sowmini Varadhan <sowmini.varadhan@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
This reduces the size of the init executable from ~800 kB to ~800 bytes
on x86_64. This is only implemented for x86_64, i386, arm and arm64.
Others not tested.
Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This is a definition of the most common syscalls needed in minimalist
init executables, allowing to statically build them with no external
dependencies. It is sufficient in its current form to build rcutorture's
init on x86_64, i386, arm, and arm64. Others have not been ported or
tested. Updates may be found here :
http://git.formilux.org/?p=people/willy/nolibc.git
Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
If the build fails, we can end up with an empty initrd directory which
prevents the build script from operating again. Better rely on the
resulting init executable instead.
Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Strip using -s on the compiler command line instead of calling the "strip"
utility as the latter isn't necessarily compatible with the target arch.
Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This adds the CROSS_COMPILE environment to the initrd.sh script's
gcc command to enable cross compilation.
Reported-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Currently, the initrd/init script and executable remain blocked almost
all the time. However, it is necessary to test nohz_full userspace
execution, which both variants of initrd/init fail to do. This commit
therefore causes initrd/init to spend about a millisecond per second
executing in userspace.
Reported-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
The support for creating initrd directories using dracut is a great
improvement over having to always hand-create them, it is a bit annoying
to have to install some otherwise irrelevant package just to be able to
run rcutorture. This commit therefore adds support for creating initrd
directories on systems innocent of dracut. You do need gcc, but then
again you need that to build the kernel (or to build llvm) in any case.
The idea is to create an initrd directory containing nothing but a
statically linked binary having a for-loop over a long-term sleep().
The result is a Linux kernel with almost no userspace: even the
time-honored /dev, /lib, /tmp, and /usr directories are gone. In fact,
the only directory present is "/", but only because I don't know how to
get rid of it, at least short of not having an initrd in the first place.
Although statically linked binaries are much maligned, and rightly so,
their disadvantages seem to be irrelevant for this particular use case.
From https://www.akkadia.org/drepper/no_static_linking.html:
1. Fixes are difficult to apply to hordes of widely scattered
statically linked binaries. But in this case, there is only one
binary, but there would otherwise be no fewer than four libraries.
2. Security measures like local address randomization cannot be used.
Prudence prevents me from asserting that it is impossible to
base a remote attack on a networking-free rcutorture instance.
Nevertheless, bonus points to the first person who comes up with
such an attack!
3. More efficient use of physical memory. Not in this case, given
that libc is 1.8MB and the statically linked binary "only" 800K.
4. Features such as locales, name service switch (NSS),
internationalized domain names (IDN) tool, and so on require
dynamic linking. Bonus points to the first person coming up
with a valid rcutorture use case requiring these features in
its initrd.
5. Accidental violations of (L)GPL. Actually, this change actually
helps -avoid- such violations by reducing the temptation to
pass around tarballs of rcutorture-ready initrd directories.
After all, the rcutorture scripts automatically create an initrd
directory for you, so why bother with the tarballs?
6. Tools and hacks like ltrace, LD_PRELOAD, LD_PROFILE, and LD_AUDIT
don't work. Again, bonus points to the first person coming up
with a valid rcutorture use case requiring these features in
its initrd.
Nevertheless, the script will use dracut if available, and will create the
statically linked binary only when dracut are missing. Those preferring
the smaller initrd directory resulting from the statically linked binary
(like me) are free to hand-edit mkinitrd.sh to remove the code using
dracut. ;-)
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>