linux/arch/s390/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S

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License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 15:07:57 +01:00
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/* ld script to make s390 Linux kernel
* Written by Martin Schwidefsky (schwidefsky@de.ibm.com)
*/
#include <asm/thread_info.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
s390/ftrace: implement hotpatching s390 allows hotpatching the mask of a conditional jump instruction. Make use of this feature in order to avoid the expensive stop_machine() call. The new trampolines are split in 3 stages: - A first stage is a 6-byte relative conditional long branch located at each function's entry point. Its offset always points to the second stage for the corresponding function, and its mask is either all 0s (ftrace off) or all 1s (ftrace on). The code for flipping the mask is borrowed from ftrace_{enable,disable}_ftrace_graph_caller. After flipping, ftrace_arch_code_modify_post_process() syncs with all the other CPUs by sending SIGPs. - Second stages for vmlinux are stored in a separate part of the .text section reserved by the linker script, and in dynamically allocated memory for modules. This prevents the icache pollution. The total size of second stages is about 1.5% of that of the kernel image. Putting second stages in the .bss section is possible and decreases the size of the non-compressed vmlinux, but splits the kernel 1:1 mapping, which is a bad tradeoff. Each second stage contains a call to the third stage, a pointer to the part of the intercepted function right after the first stage, and a pointer to an interceptor function (e.g. ftrace_caller). Second stages are 8-byte aligned for the future direct calls implementation. - There are only two copies of the third stage: in the .text section for vmlinux and in dynamically allocated memory for modules. It can be an expoline, which is relatively large, so inlining it into each second stage is prohibitively expensive. As a result of this organization, phoronix-test-suite with ftrace off does not show any performance degradation. Suggested-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Suggested-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Co-developed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210728212546.128248-3-iii@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-07-28 23:25:46 +02:00
#include <asm/ftrace.lds.h>
/*
* Put .bss..swapper_pg_dir as the first thing in .bss. This will
* make sure it has 16k alignment.
*/
#define BSS_FIRST_SECTIONS *(.bss..swapper_pg_dir) \
*(.bss..invalid_pg_dir)
#define RO_EXCEPTION_TABLE_ALIGN 16
/* Handle ro_after_init data on our own. */
#define RO_AFTER_INIT_DATA
s390: define RUNTIME_DISCARD_EXIT to fix link error with GNU ld < 2.36 Nathan Chancellor reports that the s390 vmlinux fails to link with GNU ld < 2.36 since commit 99cb0d917ffa ("arch: fix broken BuildID for arm64 and riscv"). It happens for defconfig, or more specifically for CONFIG_EXPOLINE=y. $ s390x-linux-gnu-ld --version | head -n1 GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.35.2 $ make -s ARCH=s390 CROSS_COMPILE=s390x-linux-gnu- allnoconfig $ ./scripts/config -e CONFIG_EXPOLINE $ make -s ARCH=s390 CROSS_COMPILE=s390x-linux-gnu- olddefconfig $ make -s ARCH=s390 CROSS_COMPILE=s390x-linux-gnu- `.exit.text' referenced in section `.s390_return_reg' of drivers/base/dd.o: defined in discarded section `.exit.text' of drivers/base/dd.o make[1]: *** [scripts/Makefile.vmlinux:34: vmlinux] Error 1 make: *** [Makefile:1252: vmlinux] Error 2 arch/s390/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S wants to keep EXIT_TEXT: .exit.text : { EXIT_TEXT } But, at the same time, EXIT_TEXT is thrown away by DISCARD because s390 does not define RUNTIME_DISCARD_EXIT. I still do not understand why the latter wins after 99cb0d917ffa, but defining RUNTIME_DISCARD_EXIT seems correct because the comment line in arch/s390/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S says: /* * .exit.text is discarded at runtime, not link time, * to deal with references from __bug_table */ Nathan also found that binutils commit 21401fc7bf67 ("Duplicate output sections in scripts") cured this issue, so we cannot reproduce it with binutils 2.36+, but it is better to not rely on it. Fixes: 99cb0d917ffa ("arch: fix broken BuildID for arm64 and riscv") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y7Jal56f6UBh1abE@dev-arch.thelio-3990X/ Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230105031306.1455409-1-masahiroy@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2023-01-05 12:13:06 +09:00
#define RUNTIME_DISCARD_EXIT
#define EMITS_PT_NOTE
#include <asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h>
#include <asm/vmlinux.lds.h>
OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf64-s390", "elf64-s390", "elf64-s390")
OUTPUT_ARCH(s390:64-bit)
ENTRY(startup_continue)
jiffies = jiffies_64;
PHDRS {
text PT_LOAD FLAGS(5); /* R_E */
data PT_LOAD FLAGS(7); /* RWE */
note PT_NOTE FLAGS(0); /* ___ */
}
SECTIONS
{
. = TEXT_OFFSET;
.text : {
_stext = .; /* Start of text section */
_text = .; /* Text and read-only data */
HEAD_TEXT
TEXT_TEXT
SCHED_TEXT
LOCK_TEXT
KPROBES_TEXT
IRQENTRY_TEXT
SOFTIRQENTRY_TEXT
s390/ftrace: implement hotpatching s390 allows hotpatching the mask of a conditional jump instruction. Make use of this feature in order to avoid the expensive stop_machine() call. The new trampolines are split in 3 stages: - A first stage is a 6-byte relative conditional long branch located at each function's entry point. Its offset always points to the second stage for the corresponding function, and its mask is either all 0s (ftrace off) or all 1s (ftrace on). The code for flipping the mask is borrowed from ftrace_{enable,disable}_ftrace_graph_caller. After flipping, ftrace_arch_code_modify_post_process() syncs with all the other CPUs by sending SIGPs. - Second stages for vmlinux are stored in a separate part of the .text section reserved by the linker script, and in dynamically allocated memory for modules. This prevents the icache pollution. The total size of second stages is about 1.5% of that of the kernel image. Putting second stages in the .bss section is possible and decreases the size of the non-compressed vmlinux, but splits the kernel 1:1 mapping, which is a bad tradeoff. Each second stage contains a call to the third stage, a pointer to the part of the intercepted function right after the first stage, and a pointer to an interceptor function (e.g. ftrace_caller). Second stages are 8-byte aligned for the future direct calls implementation. - There are only two copies of the third stage: in the .text section for vmlinux and in dynamically allocated memory for modules. It can be an expoline, which is relatively large, so inlining it into each second stage is prohibitively expensive. As a result of this organization, phoronix-test-suite with ftrace off does not show any performance degradation. Suggested-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Suggested-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Co-developed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210728212546.128248-3-iii@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-07-28 23:25:46 +02:00
FTRACE_HOTPATCH_TRAMPOLINES_TEXT
*(.text.*_indirect_*)
*(.gnu.warning)
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
_etext = .; /* End of text section */
} :text = 0x0700
RO_DATA(PAGE_SIZE)
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
_sdata = .; /* Start of data section */
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
__start_ro_after_init = .;
.data..ro_after_init : {
*(.data..ro_after_init)
JUMP_TABLE_DATA
} :data
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
__end_ro_after_init = .;
. = ALIGN(8);
.skey_region_table : {
__skey_region_start = .;
KEEP(*(.skey_region))
__skey_region_end = .;
}
s390/vmlinux.lds.S: Move ro_after_init section behind rodata section The .data.rel.ro and .got section were added between the rodata and ro_after_init data section, which adds an RW mapping in between all RO mapping of the kernel image: ---[ Kernel Image Start ]--- 0x000003ffe0000000-0x000003ffe0e00000 14M PMD RO X 0x000003ffe0e00000-0x000003ffe0ec7000 796K PTE RO X 0x000003ffe0ec7000-0x000003ffe0f00000 228K PTE RO NX 0x000003ffe0f00000-0x000003ffe1300000 4M PMD RO NX 0x000003ffe1300000-0x000003ffe1331000 196K PTE RO NX 0x000003ffe1331000-0x000003ffe13b3000 520K PTE RW NX <--- 0x000003ffe13b3000-0x000003ffe13d5000 136K PTE RO NX 0x000003ffe13d5000-0x000003ffe1400000 172K PTE RW NX 0x000003ffe1400000-0x000003ffe1500000 1M PMD RW NX 0x000003ffe1500000-0x000003ffe1700000 2M PTE RW NX 0x000003ffe1700000-0x000003ffe1800000 1M PMD RW NX 0x000003ffe1800000-0x000003ffe187e000 504K PTE RW NX ---[ Kernel Image End ]--- Move the ro_after_init data section again right behind the rodata section to prevent interleaving RO and RW mappings: ---[ Kernel Image Start ]--- 0x000003ffe0000000-0x000003ffe0e00000 14M PMD RO X 0x000003ffe0e00000-0x000003ffe0ec7000 796K PTE RO X 0x000003ffe0ec7000-0x000003ffe0f00000 228K PTE RO NX 0x000003ffe0f00000-0x000003ffe1300000 4M PMD RO NX 0x000003ffe1300000-0x000003ffe1353000 332K PTE RO NX 0x000003ffe1353000-0x000003ffe1400000 692K PTE RW NX 0x000003ffe1400000-0x000003ffe1500000 1M PMD RW NX 0x000003ffe1500000-0x000003ffe1700000 2M PTE RW NX 0x000003ffe1700000-0x000003ffe1800000 1M PMD RW NX 0x000003ffe1800000-0x000003ffe187e000 504K PTE RW NX ---[ Kernel Image End ]--- Reviewed-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
2024-07-29 13:06:43 +02:00
.data.rel.ro : {
*(.data.rel.ro .data.rel.ro.*)
}
.got : {
__got_start = .;
*(.got)
__got_end = .;
}
RW_DATA(0x100, PAGE_SIZE, THREAD_SIZE)
.data.rel : {
*(.data.rel*)
}
BOOT_DATA_PRESERVED
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
. = ALIGN(8);
.amode31.refs : {
_start_amode31_refs = .;
*(.amode31.refs)
_end_amode31_refs = .;
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
}
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
_edata = .; /* End of data section */
/* will be freed after init */
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE); /* Init code and data */
__init_begin = .;
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
.init.text : AT(ADDR(.init.text) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
_sinittext = .;
INIT_TEXT
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
_einittext = .;
}
/*
* .exit.text is discarded at runtime, not link time,
* to deal with references from __bug_table
*/
.exit.text : {
EXIT_TEXT
}
.exit.data : {
EXIT_DATA
}
/*
* struct alt_inst entries. From the header (alternative.h):
* "Alternative instructions for different CPU types or capabilities"
* Think locking instructions on spinlocks.
* Note, that it is a part of __init region.
*/
. = ALIGN(8);
.altinstructions : {
__alt_instructions = .;
*(.altinstructions)
__alt_instructions_end = .;
}
/*
* And here are the replacement instructions. The linker sticks
* them as binary blobs. The .altinstructions has enough data to
* get the address and the length of them to patch the kernel safely.
* Note, that it is a part of __init region.
*/
.altinstr_replacement : {
*(.altinstr_replacement)
}
/*
* Table with the patch locations to undo expolines
*/
s390: fix nospec table alignments Add proper alignment for .nospec_call_table and .nospec_return_table in vmlinux. [hca@linux.ibm.com]: The problem with the missing alignment of the nospec tables exist since a long time, however only since commit e6ed91fd0768 ("s390/alternatives: remove padding generation code") and with CONFIG_RELOCATABLE=n the kernel may also crash at boot time. The above named commit reduced the size of struct alt_instr by one byte, so its new size is 11 bytes. Therefore depending on the number of cpu alternatives the size of the __alt_instructions array maybe odd, which again also causes that the addresses of the nospec tables will be odd. If the address of __nospec_call_start is odd and the kernel is compiled With CONFIG_RELOCATABLE=n the compiler may generate code that loads the address of __nospec_call_start with a 'larl' instruction. This will generate incorrect code since the 'larl' instruction only works with even addresses. In result the members of the nospec tables will be accessed with an off-by-one offset, which subsequently may lead to addressing exceptions within __nospec_revert(). Fixes: f19fbd5ed642 ("s390: introduce execute-trampolines for branches") Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/8719bf1ce4a72ebdeb575200290094e9ce047bcc.1661557333.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.16 Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
2022-08-26 16:55:44 -07:00
. = ALIGN(4);
.nospec_call_table : {
__nospec_call_start = . ;
*(.s390_indirect*)
__nospec_call_end = . ;
}
.nospec_return_table : {
__nospec_return_start = . ;
*(.s390_return*)
__nospec_return_end = . ;
}
BOOT_DATA
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
/*
* .amode31 section for code, data, ex_table that need to stay
* below 2 GB, even when the kernel is relocated above 2 GB.
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
*/
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
_samode31 = .;
.amode31.text : {
_stext_amode31 = .;
*(.amode31.text)
*(.amode31.text.*_indirect_*)
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
_etext_amode31 = .;
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
}
. = ALIGN(16);
.amode31.ex_table : {
_start_amode31_ex_table = .;
KEEP(*(.amode31.ex_table))
_stop_amode31_ex_table = .;
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
}
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
.amode31.data : {
*(.amode31.data)
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
}
s390/boot: Rework deployment of the kernel image Rework deployment of kernel image for both compressed and uncompressed variants as defined by CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED kernel configuration variable. In case CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED is disabled avoid uncompressing the kernel to a temporary buffer and copying it to the target address. Instead, uncompress it directly to the target destination. In case CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED is enabled avoid moving the kernel to default 0x100000 location when KASLR is disabled or failed. Instead, use the uncompressed kernel image directly. In case KASLR is disabled or failed .amode31 section location in memory is not randomized and precedes the kernel image. In case CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED is disabled that location overlaps the area used by the decompression algorithm. That is fine, since that area is not used after the decompression finished and the size of .amode31 section is not expected to exceed BOOT_HEAP_SIZE ever. There is no decompression in case CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED is enabled. Therefore, rename decompress_kernel() to deploy_kernel(), which better describes both uncompressed and compressed cases. Introduce AMODE31_SIZE macro to avoid immediate value of 0x3000 (the size of .amode31 section) in the decompressor linker script. Modify the vmlinux linker script to force the size of .amode31 section to AMODE31_SIZE (the value of (_eamode31 - _samode31) could otherwise differ as result of compiler options used). Introduce __START_KERNEL macro that defines the kernel ELF image entry point and set it to the currrent value of 0x100000. Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
2024-03-22 14:39:57 +01:00
. = _samode31 + AMODE31_SIZE;
_eamode31 = .;
s390/boot: move dma sections from decompressor to decompressed kernel This change simplifies the task of making the decompressor relocatable. The decompressor's image contains special DMA sections between _sdma and _edma. This DMA segment is loaded at boot as part of the decompressor and then simply handed over to the decompressed kernel. The decompressor itself never uses it in any way. The primary reason for this is the need to keep the aforementioned DMA segment below 2GB which is required by architecture, and because the decompressor is always loaded at a fixed low physical address, it is guaranteed that the DMA region will not cross the 2GB memory limit. If the DMA region had been placed in the decompressed kernel, then KASLR would make this guarantee impossible to fulfill or it would be restricted to the first 2GB of memory address space. This commit moves all DMA sections between _sdma and _edma from the decompressor's image to the decompressed kernel's image. The complete DMA region is placed in the init section of the decompressed kernel and immediately relocated below 2GB at start-up before it is needed by other parts of the decompressed kernel. The relocation of the DMA region happens even if the decompressed kernel is already located below 2GB in order to keep the first implementation simple. The relocation should not have any noticeable impact on boot time because the DMA segment is only a couple of pages. After relocating the DMA sections, the kernel has to fix all references which point into it. In order to automate this, place all variables pointing into the DMA sections in a special .dma.refs section. All such variables must be defined using the new __dma_ref macro. Only variables containing addresses within the DMA sections must be placed in the new .dma.refs section. Furthermore, move the initialization of control registers from the decompressor to the decompressed kernel because some control registers reference tables that must be placed in the DMA data section to guarantee that their addresses are below 2G. Because the decompressed kernel relocates the DMA sections at startup, the content of control registers CR2, CR5 and CR15 must be updated with new addresses after the relocation. The decompressed kernel initializes all control registers early at boot and then updates the content of CR2, CR5 and CR15 as soon as the DMA relocation has occurred. This practically reverts the commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections"). Signed-off-by: Alexander Egorenkov <egorenar@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2021-06-15 19:17:36 +02:00
/* early.c uses stsi, which requires page aligned data. */
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
INIT_DATA_SECTION(0x100)
RUNTIME_CONST_VARIABLES
PERCPU_SECTION(0x100)
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
__init_end = .; /* freed after init ends here */
BSS_SECTION(PAGE_SIZE, 4 * PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE)
. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
_end = . ;
s390/decompressor: rework uncompressed image info collection The kernel decompressor has to know several bits of information about uncompressed image. Currently this info is collected by running "nm" on uncompressed vmlinux + "sed" and producing sizes.h file. This method worked well, but it has several disadvantages. Obscure symbols name pattern matching is fragile. Adding new values makes pattern even longer. Logic is spread across code and make file. Limited ability to adjust symbols values (currently magic lma value of 0x100000 is always subtracted). Apart from that same pieces of information (and more) would be needed for early memory detection and features like KASLR outside of boot/compressed/ folder where sizes.h is generated. To overcome limitations new "struct vmlinux_info" has been introduced to include values needed for the decompressor and the rest of the boot code. The only static instance of vmlinux_info is produced during vmlinux link step by filling in struct fields by the linker (like it is done with input_data in boot/compressed/vmlinux.scr.lds.S). This way individual values could be adjusted with all the knowledge linker has and arithmetic it supports. Later .vmlinux.info section (which contains struct vmlinux_info) is transplanted into the decompressor image and dropped from uncompressed image altogether. While doing that replace "compressed/vmlinux.scr.lds.S" linker script (whose purpose is to rename .data section in piggy.o to .rodata.compressed) with plain objcopy command. And simplify decompressor's linker script. Reviewed-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
2018-07-19 16:51:25 +02:00
/*
* uncompressed image info used by the decompressor
* it should match struct vmlinux_info
*/
s390: avoid vmlinux segments overlap Currently .vmlinux.info section of uncompressed vmlinux elf image is included into the data segment and load address specified as 0. That extends data segment to address 0 and makes "text" and "data" segments overlap. Program Headers: Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align LOAD 0x0000000000001000 0x0000000000100000 0x0000000000100000 0x0000000000ead03c 0x0000000000ead03c R E 0x1000 LOAD 0x0000000000eaf000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000001a13400 0x000000000233b520 RWE 0x1000 NOTE 0x0000000000eae000 0x0000000000fad000 0x0000000000fad000 0x000000000000003c 0x000000000000003c 0x4 Section to Segment mapping: Segment Sections... 00 .text .notes 01 .rodata __ksymtab __ksymtab_gpl __ksymtab_strings __param __modver .data..ro_after_init __ex_table .data __bug_table .init.text .exit.text .exit.data .altinstructions .altinstr_replacement .nospec_call_table .nospec_return_table .boot.data .init.data .data..percpu .bss .vmlinux.info 02 .notes Later when vmlinux.bin is produced from vmlinux, .vmlinux.info section is removed. But elf vmlinux file, even though it is not bootable anymore, used for debugging and loadable segments overlap should be avoided. Utilize special ":NONE" phdr specification to avoid adding .vmlinux.info into loadable data segment. Also set .vmlinux.info section type to INFO, which allows to get a not-loadable info CONTENTS section. Since minimal supported version of binutils 2.20 does not have --dump-section objcopy option, make .vmlinux.info section loadable during info.bin creation to get actual section contents. Reported-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
2018-10-17 13:59:46 +02:00
.vmlinux.info 0 (INFO) : {
QUAD(startup_continue) /* entry */
QUAD(__bss_start - _stext) /* image_size */
QUAD(__bss_stop - __bss_start) /* bss_size */
QUAD(__boot_data_start) /* bootdata_off */
QUAD(__boot_data_end - __boot_data_start) /* bootdata_size */
QUAD(__boot_data_preserved_start) /* bootdata_preserved_off */
QUAD(__boot_data_preserved_end -
__boot_data_preserved_start) /* bootdata_preserved_size */
QUAD(__got_start) /* got_start */
QUAD(__got_end) /* got_end */
QUAD(_eamode31 - _samode31) /* amode31_size */
s390/mm: start kernel with DAT enabled The setup of the kernel virtual address space is spread throughout the sources, boot stages and config options like this: 1. The available physical memory regions are queried and stored as mem_detect information for later use in the decompressor. 2. Based on the physical memory availability the virtual memory layout is established in the decompressor; 3. If CONFIG_KASAN is disabled the kernel paging setup code populates kernel pgtables and turns DAT mode on. It uses the information stored at step [1]. 4. If CONFIG_KASAN is enabled the kernel early boot kasan setup populates kernel pgtables and turns DAT mode on. It uses the information stored at step [1]. The kasan setup creates early_pg_dir directory and directly overwrites swapper_pg_dir entries to make shadow memory pages available. Move the kernel virtual memory setup to the decompressor and start the kernel with DAT turned on right from the very first istruction. That completely eliminates the boot phase when the kernel runs in DAT-off mode, simplies the overall design and consolidates pgtables setup. The identity mapping is created in the decompressor, while kasan shadow mappings are still created by the early boot kernel code. Share with decompressor the existing kasan memory allocator. It decreases the size of a newly requested memory block from pgalloc_pos and ensures that kernel image is not overwritten. pgalloc_low and pgalloc_pos pointers are made preserved boot variables for that. Use the bootdata infrastructure to setup swapper_pg_dir and invalid_pg_dir directories used by the kernel later. The interim early_pg_dir directory established by the kasan initialization code gets eliminated as result. As the kernel runs in DAT-on mode only the PSW_KERNEL_BITS define gets PSW_MASK_DAT bit by default. Additionally, the setup_lowcore_dat_off() and setup_lowcore_dat_on() routines get merged, since there is no DAT-off mode stage anymore. The memory mappings are created with RW+X protection that allows the early boot code setting up all necessary data and services for the kernel being booted. Just before the paging is enabled the memory protection is changed to RO+X for text, RO+NX for read-only data and RW+NX for kernel data and the identity mapping. Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2022-12-13 11:35:11 +01:00
QUAD(init_mm)
QUAD(swapper_pg_dir)
QUAD(invalid_pg_dir)
QUAD(__alt_instructions)
QUAD(__alt_instructions_end)
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
QUAD(kasan_early_shadow_page)
QUAD(kasan_early_shadow_pte)
QUAD(kasan_early_shadow_pmd)
QUAD(kasan_early_shadow_pud)
QUAD(kasan_early_shadow_p4d)
#endif
s390: avoid vmlinux segments overlap Currently .vmlinux.info section of uncompressed vmlinux elf image is included into the data segment and load address specified as 0. That extends data segment to address 0 and makes "text" and "data" segments overlap. Program Headers: Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align LOAD 0x0000000000001000 0x0000000000100000 0x0000000000100000 0x0000000000ead03c 0x0000000000ead03c R E 0x1000 LOAD 0x0000000000eaf000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000001a13400 0x000000000233b520 RWE 0x1000 NOTE 0x0000000000eae000 0x0000000000fad000 0x0000000000fad000 0x000000000000003c 0x000000000000003c 0x4 Section to Segment mapping: Segment Sections... 00 .text .notes 01 .rodata __ksymtab __ksymtab_gpl __ksymtab_strings __param __modver .data..ro_after_init __ex_table .data __bug_table .init.text .exit.text .exit.data .altinstructions .altinstr_replacement .nospec_call_table .nospec_return_table .boot.data .init.data .data..percpu .bss .vmlinux.info 02 .notes Later when vmlinux.bin is produced from vmlinux, .vmlinux.info section is removed. But elf vmlinux file, even though it is not bootable anymore, used for debugging and loadable segments overlap should be avoided. Utilize special ":NONE" phdr specification to avoid adding .vmlinux.info into loadable data segment. Also set .vmlinux.info section type to INFO, which allows to get a not-loadable info CONTENTS section. Since minimal supported version of binutils 2.20 does not have --dump-section objcopy option, make .vmlinux.info section loadable during info.bin creation to get actual section contents. Reported-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
2018-10-17 13:59:46 +02:00
} :NONE
s390/decompressor: rework uncompressed image info collection The kernel decompressor has to know several bits of information about uncompressed image. Currently this info is collected by running "nm" on uncompressed vmlinux + "sed" and producing sizes.h file. This method worked well, but it has several disadvantages. Obscure symbols name pattern matching is fragile. Adding new values makes pattern even longer. Logic is spread across code and make file. Limited ability to adjust symbols values (currently magic lma value of 0x100000 is always subtracted). Apart from that same pieces of information (and more) would be needed for early memory detection and features like KASLR outside of boot/compressed/ folder where sizes.h is generated. To overcome limitations new "struct vmlinux_info" has been introduced to include values needed for the decompressor and the rest of the boot code. The only static instance of vmlinux_info is produced during vmlinux link step by filling in struct fields by the linker (like it is done with input_data in boot/compressed/vmlinux.scr.lds.S). This way individual values could be adjusted with all the knowledge linker has and arithmetic it supports. Later .vmlinux.info section (which contains struct vmlinux_info) is transplanted into the decompressor image and dropped from uncompressed image altogether. While doing that replace "compressed/vmlinux.scr.lds.S" linker script (whose purpose is to rename .data section in piggy.o to .rodata.compressed) with plain objcopy command. And simplify decompressor's linker script. Reviewed-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
2018-07-19 16:51:25 +02:00
/* Debugging sections. */
STABS_DEBUG
DWARF_DEBUG
ELF_DETAILS
s390: vmlinux.lds.S: explicitly handle '.got' and '.plt' sections When building with CONFIG_LD_ORPHAN_WARN after selecting CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_LD_ORPHAN_WARN, there are a lot of warnings around the GOT and PLT sections: s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.got' Currently, only the '.got' section is actually emitted in the final binary. In a manner similar to other architectures, put the '.got' section near the '.data' section and coalesce the PLT sections, checking that the final section is zero sized, which is a safe/tested approach versus full discard. Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Tested-by: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240207-s390-lld-and-orphan-warn-v1-3-8a665b3346ab@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2024-02-07 17:14:55 -07:00
/*
* Make sure that the .got.plt is either completely empty or it
* contains only the three reserved double words.
s390: vmlinux.lds.S: explicitly handle '.got' and '.plt' sections When building with CONFIG_LD_ORPHAN_WARN after selecting CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_LD_ORPHAN_WARN, there are a lot of warnings around the GOT and PLT sections: s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.got' Currently, only the '.got' section is actually emitted in the final binary. In a manner similar to other architectures, put the '.got' section near the '.data' section and coalesce the PLT sections, checking that the final section is zero sized, which is a safe/tested approach versus full discard. Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Tested-by: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240207-s390-lld-and-orphan-warn-v1-3-8a665b3346ab@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2024-02-07 17:14:55 -07:00
*/
.got.plt : {
*(.got.plt)
}
ASSERT(SIZEOF(.got.plt) == 0 || SIZEOF(.got.plt) == 0x18, "Unexpected GOT/PLT entries detected!")
/*
* Sections that should stay zero sized, which is safer to
* explicitly check instead of blindly discarding.
*/
s390: vmlinux.lds.S: explicitly handle '.got' and '.plt' sections When building with CONFIG_LD_ORPHAN_WARN after selecting CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_LD_ORPHAN_WARN, there are a lot of warnings around the GOT and PLT sections: s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.got' Currently, only the '.got' section is actually emitted in the final binary. In a manner similar to other architectures, put the '.got' section near the '.data' section and coalesce the PLT sections, checking that the final section is zero sized, which is a safe/tested approach versus full discard. Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Tested-by: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240207-s390-lld-and-orphan-warn-v1-3-8a665b3346ab@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2024-02-07 17:14:55 -07:00
.plt : {
*(.plt) *(.plt.*) *(.iplt) *(.igot .igot.plt)
}
ASSERT(SIZEOF(.plt) == 0, "Unexpected run-time procedure linkages detected!")
s390: compile relocatable kernel without -fPIE On s390, currently kernel uses the '-fPIE' compiler flag for compiling vmlinux. This has a few problems: - It uses dynamic symbols (.dynsym), for which the linker refuses to allow more than 64k sections. This can break features which use '-ffunction-sections' and '-fdata-sections', including kpatch-build [1] and Function Granular KASLR. - It unnecessarily uses GOT relocations, adding an extra layer of indirection for many memory accesses. Instead of using '-fPIE', resolve all the relocations at link time and then manually adjust any absolute relocations (R_390_64) during boot. This is done by first telling the linker to preserve all relocations during the vmlinux link. (Note this is harmless: they are later stripped in the vmlinux.bin link.) Then use the 'relocs' tool to find all absolute relocations (R_390_64) which apply to allocatable sections. The offsets of those relocations are saved in a special section which is then used to adjust the relocations during boot. (Note: For some reason, Clang occasionally creates a GOT reference, even without '-fPIE'. So Clang-compiled kernels have a GOT, which needs to be adjusted.) On my mostly-defconfig kernel, this reduces kernel text size by ~1.3%. [1] https://github.com/dynup/kpatch/issues/1284 [2] https://gcc.gnu.org/pipermail/gcc-patches/2023-June/622872.html [3] https://gcc.gnu.org/pipermail/gcc-patches/2023-August/625986.html Compiler consideration: Gcc recently implemented an optimization [2] for loading symbols without explicit alignment, aligning with the IBM Z ELF ABI. This ABI mandates symbols to reside on a 2-byte boundary, enabling the use of the larl instruction. However, kernel linker scripts may still generate unaligned symbols. To address this, a new -munaligned-symbols option has been introduced [3] in recent gcc versions. This option has to be used with future gcc versions. Older Clang lacks support for handling unaligned symbols generated by kernel linker scripts when the kernel is built without -fPIE. However, future versions of Clang will include support for the -munaligned-symbols option. When the support is unavailable, compile the kernel with -fPIE to maintain the existing behavior. In addition to it: move vmlinux.relocs to safe relocation When the kernel is built with CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED, the entire uncompressed vmlinux.bin is positioned in the bzImage decompressor image at the default kernel LMA of 0x100000, enabling it to be executed in-place. However, the size of .vmlinux.relocs could be large enough to cause an overlap with the uncompressed kernel at the address 0x100000. To address this issue, .vmlinux.relocs is positioned after the .rodata.compressed in the bzImage. Nevertheless, in this configuration, vmlinux.relocs will overlap with the .bss section of vmlinux.bin. To overcome that, move vmlinux.relocs to a safe location before clearing .bss and handling relocs. Compile warning fix from Sumanth Korikkar: When kernel is built with CONFIG_LD_ORPHAN_WARN and -fno-PIE, there are several warnings: ld: warning: orphan section `.rela.iplt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.rela.dyn' ld: warning: orphan section `.rela.head.text' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.rela.dyn' ld: warning: orphan section `.rela.init.text' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.rela.dyn' ld: warning: orphan section `.rela.rodata.cst8' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.rela.dyn' Orphan sections are sections that exist in an object file but don't have a corresponding output section in the final executable. ld raises a warning when it identifies such sections. Eliminate the warning by placing all .rela orphan sections in .rela.dyn and raise an error when size of .rela.dyn is greater than zero. i.e. Dont just neglect orphan sections. This is similar to adjustment performed in x86, where kernel is built with -fno-PIE. commit 5354e84598f2 ("x86/build: Add asserts for unwanted sections") [sumanthk@linux.ibm.com: rebased Josh Poimboeuf patches and move vmlinux.relocs to safe location] [hca@linux.ibm.com: merged compile warning fix from Sumanth] Tested-by: Sumanth Korikkar <sumanthk@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sumanth Korikkar <sumanthk@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240219132734.22881-4-sumanthk@linux.ibm.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240219132734.22881-5-sumanthk@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2024-02-19 14:27:33 +01:00
.rela.dyn : {
*(.rela.*) *(.rela_*)
}
ASSERT(SIZEOF(.rela.dyn) == 0, "Unexpected run-time relocations (.rela) detected!")
s390: vmlinux.lds.S: explicitly handle '.got' and '.plt' sections When building with CONFIG_LD_ORPHAN_WARN after selecting CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_LD_ORPHAN_WARN, there are a lot of warnings around the GOT and PLT sections: s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.got.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/kernel/head64.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.iplt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.iplt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.igot.plt' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.igot.plt' s390-linux-ld: warning: orphan section `.got' from `arch/s390/boot/head.o' being placed in section `.got' Currently, only the '.got' section is actually emitted in the final binary. In a manner similar to other architectures, put the '.got' section near the '.data' section and coalesce the PLT sections, checking that the final section is zero sized, which is a safe/tested approach versus full discard. Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Tested-by: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240207-s390-lld-and-orphan-warn-v1-3-8a665b3346ab@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2024-02-07 17:14:55 -07:00
/* Sections to be discarded */
DISCARDS
/DISCARD/ : {
*(.eh_frame)
*(.interp)
}
}