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https://github.com/3b1b/manim.git
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IntroduceBlockCreator
This commit is contained in:
Grant Sanderson
parent
5125339bd7
commit
ffeaf20e64
1 changed files with 346 additions and 14 deletions
360
crypto.py
360
crypto.py
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@ -2699,7 +2699,7 @@ class IntroduceBlockChain(Scene):
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point = arrow.get_center()
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sha.next_to(point, UP, SMALL_BUFF)
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sha.rotate(-np.pi/2, about_point = point)
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sha.shift(SMALL_BUFF*UP)
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sha.shift(SMALL_BUFF*(UP+RIGHT))
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digests.add(digest)
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arrows.add(arrow)
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sha_words.add(sha)
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@ -2790,21 +2790,24 @@ class IntroduceBlockChain(Scene):
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blocks.submobjects[:2] = blocks.submobjects[1::-1]
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def propogate_hash_change(self):
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alt_prev_hashes = self.prev_hashes.copy()
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alt_prev_hashes.highlight(RED)
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prev_hashes = self.prev_hashes
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for block, prev_hash in zip(self.blocks, alt_prev_hashes[1:]):
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for block, prev_hash in zip(self.blocks, prev_hashes[1:]):
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rect = block.rect.copy()
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rect.set_stroke(RED, 8)
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rect.target = SurroundingRectangle(prev_hash)
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rect.target.set_stroke(rect.get_color(), 0)
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self.play(ShowCreation(rect))
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self.play(ReplacementTransform(rect, prev_hash))
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self.alt_prev_hashes = alt_prev_hashes
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self.play(
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MoveToTarget(rect),
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prev_hash.highlight, RED
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)
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def redo_proof_of_work(self):
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proofs_of_work = VGroup(*[
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block.proof_of_work for block in self.blocks
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])
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hashes = self.alt_prev_hashes[1:]
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hashes = self.prev_hashes[1:]
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self.play(FadeOut(proofs_of_work))
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for proof_of_work, prev_hash in zip(proofs_of_work, hashes):
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@ -2818,13 +2821,14 @@ class IntroduceBlockChain(Scene):
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for num_pow in num_pow_group:
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self.add(num_pow)
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self.dither(1./20)
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prev_hash.highlight(random_bright_color())
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self.remove(num_pow)
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self.add(num_pow)
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prev_hash.highlight(BLUE)
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def write_block_chain(self):
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ledger = TextMobject("Ledger")
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ledger.next_to(self.blocks, DOWN)
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ledger.next_to(self.blocks, DOWN, LARGE_BUFF)
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cross = Cross(ledger)
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block_chain = TextMobject("``Block Chain''")
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block_chain.next_to(ledger, DOWN)
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@ -2905,12 +2909,340 @@ class IntroduceBlockChain(Scene):
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block.digest_mobject_attrs()
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return block
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class DistributedBlockChainScene(DistributedLedgerScene):
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CONFIG = {
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"block_height" : 0.5,
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"block_width" : 0.5,
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"n_blocks" : 3,
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}
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def get_distributed_ledgers(self):
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ledgers = VGroup()
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point = self.pi_creatures.get_center()
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for pi in self.pi_creatures:
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vect = pi.get_center() - point
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vect[0] = 0
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block_chain = self.get_block_chain()
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block_chain.next_to(
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VGroup(pi, pi.label), vect, SMALL_BUFF
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)
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pi.block_chain = pi.ledger = block_chain
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ledgers.add(block_chain)
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self.ledgers = self.block_chains = ledgers
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return ledgers
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def get_block_chain(self):
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blocks = VGroup(*[
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self.get_block()
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for x in range(self.n_blocks)
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])
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blocks.arrange_submobjects(RIGHT, buff = MED_SMALL_BUFF)
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arrows = VGroup()
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for b1, b2 in zip(blocks, blocks[1:]):
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arrow = Arrow(
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LEFT, RIGHT,
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preserve_tip_size_when_scaling = False,
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tip_length = 0.15,
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)
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arrow.scale_to_fit_width(b1.get_width())
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target_point = interpolate(
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b2.get_left(), b2.get_corner(UP+LEFT), 0.8
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)
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arrow.next_to(target_point, LEFT, 0.5*SMALL_BUFF)
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arrow.points[0] = b1.get_right()
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arrow.points[1] = b2.get_left()
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arrow.points[2] = b1.get_corner(UP+RIGHT)
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arrow.points[2] += SMALL_BUFF*LEFT
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arrows.add(arrow)
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block_chain = VGroup(blocks, arrows)
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block_chain.blocks = blocks
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block_chain.arrows = arrows
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return block_chain
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def get_block(self):
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block = Rectangle(
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color = WHITE,
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height = self.block_height,
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width = self.block_width,
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)
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for vect in UP, DOWN:
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line = Line(block.get_left(), block.get_right())
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line.shift(0.3*block.get_height()*vect)
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block.add(line)
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return block
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def create_pi_creatures(self):
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creatures = DistributedLedgerScene.create_pi_creatures(self)
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VGroup(
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self.alice, self.alice.label,
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self.charlie, self.charlie.label,
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).shift(LEFT)
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return creatures
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class IntroduceBlockCreator(DistributedBlockChainScene):
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CONFIG = {
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"n_block_creators" : 3,
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# "n_pow_guesses" : 60,
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"n_pow_guesses" : 10,
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}
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def construct(self):
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self.add_network()
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self.add_block_creators()
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self.broadcast_transactions()
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self.collect_transactions()
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self.find_proof_of_work()
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self.add_block_reward()
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self.comment_on_block_reward()
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self.write_miners()
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self.broadcast_block()
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def add_network(self):
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network = self.get_large_network()
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network.remove(network.lines)
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network.scale(0.7)
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ledgers = self.get_distributed_ledgers()
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self.add(network, ledgers)
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VGroup(network, ledgers).to_edge(RIGHT)
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def add_block_creators(self):
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block_creators = VGroup()
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labels = VGroup()
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everything = VGroup()
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for x in range(self.n_block_creators):
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block_creator = PiCreature(color = GREY)
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block_creator.scale_to_fit_height(self.alice.get_height())
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label = TextMobject("Block creator %d"%(x+1))
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label.scale(0.7)
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label.next_to(block_creator, DOWN, SMALL_BUFF)
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block_creator.label = label
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block_creators.add(block_creator)
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labels.add(label)
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everything.add(VGroup(block_creator, label))
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everything.arrange_submobjects(DOWN, buff = LARGE_BUFF)
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everything.to_edge(LEFT)
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self.play(LaggedStart(FadeIn, everything))
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self.pi_creatures.add(*block_creators)
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self.dither()
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self.block_creators = block_creators
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self.block_creator_labels = labels
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def broadcast_transactions(self):
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payment_parts = [
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("Alice", "Bob", 20),
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("Bob", "Charlie", 10),
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("Charlie", "You", 50),
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("You", "Alice", 30),
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]
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payments = VGroup()
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payment_targets = VGroup()
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for from_name, to_name, amount in payment_parts:
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verb = "pay" if from_name == "You" else "pays"
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payment = TextMobject(
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from_name, verb, to_name, "%d LD"%amount
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)
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payment.highlight_by_tex("LD", YELLOW)
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for name in self.get_names():
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payment.highlight_by_tex(
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name.capitalize(),
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self.get_color_from_name(name)
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)
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payment.scale(0.7)
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payment.generate_target()
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payment_targets.add(payment.target)
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pi = getattr(self, from_name.lower())
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payment.scale(0.1)
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payment.set_fill(opacity = 0)
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payment.move_to(pi)
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payments.add(payment)
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payment_targets.arrange_submobjects(DOWN, aligned_edge = LEFT)
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payment_targets.next_to(
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self.block_creator_labels, RIGHT,
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MED_LARGE_BUFF
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)
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payment_targets.shift(UP)
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anims = []
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alpha_range = np.linspace(0, 0.5, len(payments))
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for pi, payment, alpha in zip(self.pi_creatures, payments, alpha_range):
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rf1 = squish_rate_func(smooth, alpha, alpha+0.5)
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rf2 = squish_rate_func(smooth, alpha, alpha+0.5)
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anims.append(Broadcast(
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pi, rate_func = rf1,
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big_radius = 3,
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))
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anims.append(MoveToTarget(payment, rate_func = rf2))
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self.play(*anims, run_time = 5)
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self.payments = payments
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def collect_transactions(self):
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creator = self.block_creators[0]
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block = self.get_block()
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block.stretch_to_fit_height(4)
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block.stretch_to_fit_width(3.5)
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block.next_to(creator.label, RIGHT, MED_LARGE_BUFF)
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block.to_edge(UP)
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payments = self.payments
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payments.generate_target()
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payments.target.scale_to_fit_height(1.5)
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payments.target.move_to(block)
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prev_hash = TextMobject("Prev hash")
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prev_hash.highlight(BLUE)
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prev_hash.scale_to_fit_height(0.3)
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prev_hash.next_to(block.get_top(), DOWN, MED_SMALL_BUFF)
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block.add(prev_hash)
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self.play(
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FadeIn(block),
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MoveToTarget(payments),
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creator.change, "raise_right_hand"
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)
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self.dither()
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block.add(payments)
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self.block = block
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def find_proof_of_work(self):
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block = self.block
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arrow = Arrow(UP, ORIGIN, buff = 0)
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arrow.next_to(block, DOWN)
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sha = TextMobject("SHA256")
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sha.scale(0.7)
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sha.next_to(arrow, RIGHT)
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arrow.add(sha)
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self.add(arrow)
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for x in range(self.n_pow_guesses):
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guess = Integer(random.randint(10**11, 10**12))
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guess.highlight(GREEN)
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guess.scale_to_fit_height(0.3)
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guess.next_to(block.get_bottom(), UP, MED_SMALL_BUFF)
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if x == self.n_pow_guesses - 1:
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digest = sha256_tex_mob(str(x), 60)
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VGroup(*digest[:60]).highlight(YELLOW)
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else:
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digest = sha256_tex_mob(str(x))
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digest.scale_to_fit_width(block.get_width())
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digest.next_to(arrow.get_end(), DOWN)
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self.add(guess, digest)
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self.dither(1./20)
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self.remove(guess, digest)
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proof_of_work = guess
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self.add(proof_of_work, digest)
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block.add(proof_of_work)
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self.dither()
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self.hash_group = VGroup(arrow, digest)
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def add_block_reward(self):
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payments = self.payments
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new_transaction = TextMobject(
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self.block_creator_labels[0].get_tex_string(),
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"gets", "10 LD"
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)
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new_transaction[0].highlight(LIGHT_GREY)
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new_transaction.highlight_by_tex("LD", YELLOW)
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new_transaction.scale_to_fit_height(payments[0].get_height())
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new_transaction.move_to(payments.get_top())
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payments.generate_target()
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payments.target.next_to(new_transaction, DOWN, SMALL_BUFF, LEFT)
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new_transaction.shift(SMALL_BUFF*UP)
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self.play(
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MoveToTarget(payments),
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Write(new_transaction)
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)
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payments.add_to_back(new_transaction)
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self.dither()
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def comment_on_block_reward(self):
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reward = self.payments[0]
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reward_rect = SurroundingRectangle(reward)
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big_rect = SurroundingRectangle(self.ledgers)
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big_rect.set_stroke(width = 0)
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big_rect.set_fill(BLACK, opacity = 1)
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comments = VGroup(*map(TextMobject, [
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"- ``Block reward''",
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"- No sender/signature",
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"- Adds to total money supply",
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]))
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comments.arrange_submobjects(DOWN, aligned_edge = LEFT)
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comments.move_to(big_rect, UP+LEFT)
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pi_creatures = self.pi_creatures
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self.pi_creatures = VGroup()
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self.play(ShowCreation(reward_rect))
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self.play(FadeIn(big_rect))
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for comment in comments:
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self.play(FadeIn(comment))
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self.dither(2)
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self.play(*map(FadeOut, [big_rect, comments, reward_rect]))
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self.pi_creatures = pi_creatures
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def write_miners(self):
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for label in self.block_creator_labels:
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tex = label.get_tex_string()
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new_label = TextMobject("Miner " + tex[-1])
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new_label.highlight(label.get_color())
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new_label.replace(label, dim_to_match = 1)
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self.play(Transform(label, new_label))
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top_payment = self.payments[0]
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new_top_payment = TextMobject("Miner 1", "gets", "10 LD")
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new_top_payment[0].highlight(LIGHT_GREY)
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new_top_payment[-1].highlight(YELLOW)
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new_top_payment.scale_to_fit_height(top_payment.get_height())
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new_top_payment.move_to(top_payment, LEFT)
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self.play(Transform(top_payment, new_top_payment))
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self.dither()
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def broadcast_block(self):
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old_chains = self.block_chains
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self.n_blocks = 4
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new_chains = self.get_distributed_ledgers()
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block_target_group = VGroup()
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anims = []
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for old_chain, new_chain in zip(old_chains, new_chains):
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for attr in "blocks", "arrows":
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pairs = zip(
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getattr(old_chain, attr),
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getattr(new_chain, attr),
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)
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for m1, m2 in pairs:
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anims.append(Transform(m1, m2))
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anims.append(ShowCreation(new_chain.arrows[-1]))
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block_target = self.block.copy()
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block_target.replace(new_chain.blocks[-1], stretch = True)
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block_target_group.add(block_target)
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anims.append(Transform(
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VGroup(self.block),
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block_target_group
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))
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anims.append(Broadcast(self.block, n_circles = 4))
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anims.append(FadeOut(self.hash_group))
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self.play(*anims, run_time = 2)
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self.dither()
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class MinersInLiterature(ExternallyAnimatedScene):
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pass
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class MiningIsALottery(Scene):
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def construct(self):
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pass
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